The best and worst foods for your kidneys

Dr. Joan J. Morales Lappot, MD
3 min read · Leer en español

In brief"What should I eat?" is the question I hear most, and it is the right one. For most people with kidney disease, food is one of the most powerful tools we have.

Foods that help most people

• Fresh vegetables, especially cabbage, cauliflower, peppers, onions and leafy salads
• Fruits such as apples, berries, grapes and pineapple
• Beans, lentils and other plant proteins, in sensible portions
• Whole, unprocessed foods cooked at home
• Garlic, herbs, citrus and spices instead of salt
• Water as your main drink

Foods to limit

• Processed and deli meats, sausages and canned soups (very salty, often with phosphate additives)
• Fast food and frozen meals
• Dark colas, which contain phosphoric acid
• Salty snacks and seasoning packets or bouillon cubes
• Large portions of red meat
• Sugary drinks

It depends on your stage

Potassium and phosphorus limits are not for everyone. Early in kidney disease, foods like bananas, potatoes, tomatoes and beans are usually fine and even helpful. Limits begin when blood levels run high, often in later stages or on dialysis. Protein needs also change: moderate before dialysis, higher on dialysis.

A simple plate to start

Fill half your plate with vegetables, a quarter with a grain such as rice or a corn tortilla, and a quarter with a palm-sized protein. Season boldly without salt.